Cutting-Edge Firepower: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Modern Semi-Automatic Shotguns

1. Introduction

Semi-automatic shotguns remain integral to the arsenals of military, law enforcement, and special operations forces (SOF) in NATO member nations. These weapons excel at close-quarters combat, breaching operations, and specialized tasks thanks to their ability to deliver rapid, hard-hitting firepower.

Whether in urban warfare, maritime interdiction, or high-risk law enforcement raids, a shotgun’s versatility…

— firing pellets, slugs, or even specialized breaching and less-lethal rounds —

…can deliver decisive results in situations requiring immediate stopping power at short ranges.

Given the high stakes, modern procurement and force modernization efforts demand a rigorous, multi-faceted evaluation of available firearms. Building upon an initial set of evaluation metrics, this report proposes a comprehensive framework aligned with scientific, professional, military, and police standards.

The framework is then applied to rank top-performing NATO-manufactured semi-automatic shotguns, culminating in context-specific recommendations tailored to police units, general infantry, and special forces.

2. Defining a Comprehensive Evaluation Framework

2.1 Revisiting the Initial Metrics

The initial eleven metrics…

— Reliability, Durability, Ergonomics, Capacity, Recoil Management, Technology, Versatility, Accuracy, Ease of Maintenance, Overall Build Quality, and Price/Value —

….remain vital.

However, deeper elaboration is essential for a robust assessment:

Reliability Considers flawless operation under varied conditions (heat, cold, dust, or saltwater). Involves mean rounds between failure (MRBF) and actual field data if available. Directly influences mission success and personnel safety.
Durability Reflects structural resilience to high-volume firing and physical abuse. Emphasizes the ability to sustain performance over extended deployments (e.g., multiple tours or operational cycles).
Ergonomics Evaluates comfort, balance, and control placement, including how quickly the operator can manipulate the weapon under stress. High-importance for SOF or police working in confined spaces or wearing bulky gear.
Capacity Traditional tubular magazines vs. detachable box magazines. Rapid reloads in intense firefights and usage of extension tubes.
Recoil Management Incorporates recoil mitigation systems (e.g., muzzle brakes, gas systems, recoil buffers) that influence follow-up shot accuracy and shooter fatigue.
Technology Encompasses advanced operating mechanisms (gas/inertia/dual-mode) and specialized features (e.g., ARGO system of the Benelli M4). Includes weapon modularity, cutting-edge materials, and design innovations.
Versatility Ability to use different ammunition types (buckshot, slugs, breaching, less-lethal). Adaptability to multiple roles — breaching, defensive, crowd control, or even foraging in survival scenarios.
Accuracy Accounts for shot pattern consistency (pellet distribution) and slug precision. Particularly relevant in law enforcement or specialized military units with strict engagement protocols.
Ease of Maintenance Evaluates how quickly and simply the shotgun can be field-stripped and cleaned. Vital for forces operating in austere environments with limited armourer support.
Overall Build Quality Materials, fit and finish, consistent manufacturing standards. Long-term reliability typically correlates with robust construction.
Price/Value Considers initial purchase cost, total cost of ownership, maintenance and training expenses.

2.2 Additional Key Metrics

To strengthen the framework, several factors must be added:

Lethality/Stopping Power Goes beyond raw destructive power to encompass consistent incapacitation. Tied closely to type of ammunition and engagement distances (see Army University Press, 2020).

Range and Penetration Distinguishes between buckshot’s limited effective range and slugs’ longer reach. Barrier penetration considerations in urban combat or police barricade situations.
Signature Management Addresses acoustic and muzzle flash characteristics; suppressed or low-flash systems can be critical for special operations.
Integration with Other Systems Ability to mount common MIL-STD-1913 (Picatinny) rails, lights, lasers, or optics. Must not conflict with body armour or standard kit.
Ammunition Compatibility Reliability with NATO-standard 12-gauge loads and specialized rounds (e.g., less-lethal). Some platforms struggle with lower-power shells, which can be an issue for law enforcement training or special munitions.
Environmental Performance Tested functionality in harsh conditions: extreme cold, desert dust, maritime salt air. Data from actual military or LE trials is especially valuable here (see NATO Science & Technology Organization, 2021).
Modularity and Customization Options for quick barrel or stock changes, adjustable length of pull, multiple for-end configurations, etc.
Compliance with Legal/Ethical Standards A critical consideration for LE agencies abiding by laws on use of force (see OHCHR Basic Principles). Includes ensuring all modifications adhere to relevant regulations.
Training Requirements Complexity of the operating system, amount of range time needed to build proficiency.

2.3 Synthesis: The Holistic Framework

Collectively, these 20 metrics form a comprehensive blueprint for evaluating a semi-automatic shotgun’s suitability for various NATO specialized units. Each metric’s relative importance fluctuates with mission profile, so a weighted scoring matrix remains the recommended tool. Agencies can adjust weights to reflect their operational focus, whether that is close-quarters breaching, rural patrolling, or covert reconnaissance.

3. Overview of NATO-Manufactured Semi-Automatic Shotguns

3.1 NATO Member Nations and Key Manufacturers

NATO currently has 32 member countries (see NATO.int). Among them, the United States, Italy, Turkey, and Belgium are particularly well-known for producing large volumes of semi-automatic shotguns, with additional noteworthy contributions from Canada, the Czech Republic, and others. Below, instead of a table, is a bullet-point snapshot of a few key nations and their notable manufacturers:

USA Mossberg (930/940)
Remington (11-87)
Winchester (SX4)
Savage (Renegauge)
Browning (Auto-5, various factories)
Italy Benelli (M4, M3, M2)
Beretta (1301, A300, A400)
Franchi (SPAS series)
Marocchi
Turkey Akdal (MKA 1919)
Derya (MK-12)
HATSAN (Escort)
UTAS (XTR-12)
Belgium FN Herstal (SLP)
Browning (Auto-5, produced also in Portugal/USA)
Canada Federation Firearms
Canuck
Czech Republic CZ (CZ 712 G3, CZ 1012)

(Others either produce fewer models or have historical/limited production.)

Though some countries lack in-house semi-auto shotgun production, their forces often adopt or license models from established manufacturers in the USA or Italy.

3.2 Notable Shotgun Profiles

Benelli M4 (Italy) Known for its ARGO system and outstanding durability. Widely used by the USMC (designated M1014). Features Pica-tinny rail for optics, generally 5+1 capacity (extensions optional). Higher price tag but proven track record.
Beretta 1301 Tactical (Italy) Fast-cycling BLINK gas system, lightweight design. Oversized controls aid operation under stress. Popular with law enforcement for quick handling and reliability.
Mossberg 930/940 Series (USA) Wide range of configurations (hunting, competition, tactical). Self-regulating gas system, handles 2.75″ and 3″ shells. Strong aftermarket support, moderate pricing.
Benelli M3 (Italy) Dual-mode (semi-auto/pump), good for less-lethal rounds. Time-tested Benelli inertia/gas hybrid approach. Available in various barrel lengths, stock options.
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol (Italy/USA) Newer tactical offering, built in the USA. Enlarged loading port, M-Lok slots, and Picatinny rail. Competitive price, reliability data growing.
Browning Auto-5 / A5 (USA/Belgium/Portugal) Historic “humpback” design; modern A5 uses an inertia system. Known for reliability, though older models phased out in 1998. Still revered but less common in tactical roles.
Winchester SX4 (USA) Gas-operated, noted for being lightweight and having oversized controls. Generally cost-effective, with some tactical variants.
Franchi SPAS-12/15 (Italy) Iconic, dual-mode (some variants), magazine-fed option in SPAS-15. Heavy and somewhat outdated, but still a cultural favorite in media.
UTAS XTR-12 (Turkey) AR-style design, detachable box magazines. Gas-operated, various capacities. Early runs had reliability concerns with certain loads.

4. In-Depth Comparative Analysis

4.1 Evaluation Framework Applied

Below is the approximate scoring (on a 1–10 scale) for five models across the primary metrics. Rather than a table, here is the information presented in bullet form, organized by Metric, followed by each shotgun’s approximate score:

Reliability

Benelli M4: 10
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 9
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 9
Benelli M3: 9
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Durability

Benelli M4: 9
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 9
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8–9
Benelli M3: 9
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Ergonomics

Benelli M4: 9
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 9
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8
Benelli M3: 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8 – 9

Capacity

Benelli M4: 7 (5+1 std)
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 7 (7+1)
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 7 (5+1 std)
Benelli M3: 8 (7+1)
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 7 (7+1)

Recoil Management

Benelli M4: 8
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 8
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 7 – 8
Benelli M3: 7 – 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Technology

Benelli M4: 9
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 8
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8
Benelli M3: 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Versatility

Benelli M4: 8
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 8 – 9
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8
Benelli M3: 9 Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Accuracy

Benelli M4: 8
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 8
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8
Benelli M3: 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Ease of Maintenance

Benelli M4: 9
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 9
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8
Benelli M3: 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Overall Build Quality

Benelli M4: 10
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 9
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8 – 9
Benelli M3: 9
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Price/Value

Benelli M4: 7
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 8
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 7 – 8
Benelli M3: 7 – 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8 – 9

Lethality/Stopping

Power Benelli M4: 9
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 9
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8 – 9
Benelli M3: 9
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 9

Range and Penetration

Benelli M4: 8
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 8
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8
Benelli M3: 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Signature Management

Benelli M4: 6
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 6
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 6
Benelli M3: 6
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 6

Integration with Other Systems

Benelli M4: 9
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 9
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8 – 9
Benelli M3: 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8 – 9

Ammunition Compatibility

Benelli M4: 9
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 8 – 9
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8 – 9
Benelli M3: 8 – 9
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Environmental Performance

Benelli M4: 9
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 8 – 9
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 8
Benelli M3: 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Modularity and Customization

Benelli M4: 8
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 8
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 7 – 8
Benelli M3: 7 – 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 8

Compliance with Legal/Ethical Standards

Benelli M4: 10
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 10
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 10
Benelli M3: 10
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 10

Training Requirements

Benelli M4: 7 – 8
Beretta 1301 Tactical: 7
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical: 7
Benelli M3: 8
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol: 7

Note: Some values are shown as ranges because user reviews or model variations differ slightly.

4.2 Key Observations

Benelli M4 Near-legendary for reliability and durability. High cost offset by proven track record.
Beretta 1301 Tactical Praised for fast cycling, ease of handling. Favoured by police, though less documented in large-scale military usage.
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical Builds on 930’s success; improved reliability, good value. Aftermarket availability is a plus.
Benelli M3 Dual-mode feature offers versatility, especially for less-lethal. Slightly older design, user must train on mode switching.
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol New, well-received, cost-competitive. More user data needed on harsh environmental performance.

5. Application-Specific Metric Weighting

When choosing shotguns for different operational contexts, priorities shift. Below is the approximate relative importance for Police, Military (General), and Special Forces. Instead of a table, here is a bullet list of each metric followed by priority notes for each role:

Reliability

Police: High Military (General): High
Special Forces: Very High

Durability

Police: Medium Military (General): High
Special Forces: Medium

Ergonomics

Police: High Military (General): Medium
Special Forces: High

Capacity

Police: Medium Military (General): High
Special Forces: Medium

Recoil Management

Police: Medium Military (General): Medium
Special Forces: Medium

Technology

Police: Medium Military (General): Medium
Special Forces: High

Versatility

Police: High Military (General): Medium
Special Forces: Medium

Accuracy

Police: Medium
Military (General): Medium
Special Forces: Medium

Ease of Maintenance

Police: Medium Military (General): High
Special Forces: High

Build Quality

Police: Medium Military (General): High
Special Forces: Medium

Price/Value

Police: High Military (General): Medium
Special Forces: Medium

Lethality/Stopping Power

Police: High Military (General): High
Special Forces: High

Range and Penetration

Police: Medium Military (General): Medium
Special Forces: Medium

Signature Management

Police: Low Military (General): Low
Special Forces: High

Integration with Other Systems

Police: Medium Military (General): High
Special Forces: High

Ammo Compatibility

Police: High Military (General): Medium
Special Forces: High

Environmental Performance

Police: Medium Military (General): High
Special Forces: Very High

Modularity/Customization

Police: Medium Military (General): Medium
Special Forces: High

Compliance with Legal/Ethical Standards

Police: Very High Military (General): High
Special Forces: High

Training Requirements

Police: Medium Military (General): Medium
Special Forces: Medium

6. Proposed Evaluation and Selection Process

Define Operational Context Police, conventional military, or special operations? This determines the weight of each metric.
Collect Data and Score Gather performance data from reputable sources (official tests, user feedback, manufacturer specs). Assign 1–10 scores for each metric.
Apply Weighted Scoring Multiply each score by the relevant weight (scaled, e.g., Low = 1, Medium = 2, High = 3, Very High = 4). Sum weighted results for each shotgun.
Compare and Rank The shotgun with the highest total weighted score is best-suited for that specific application.
Validation via Field Trials Conduct trials reflecting real operational conditions. Integrate user input from actual operators to confirm or adjust final selections.

7. Ranking of Best-in-Class Semi-Automatic Shotguns

Using the framework and weighting methods above, we arrive at a notional ranking within each context. (Note: A rigorous selection requires official test data and/or field trials.)

7.1 Police Operations

Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol Balances features, ergonomics, and affordability for police contexts. Good early feedback from law enforcement users.
Beretta 1301 Tactical Extremely quick cycling, user-friendly controls. Trusted in many SWAT and specialized LE units.
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical Competitive price, strong reliability, extensive aftermarket. Excellent for departments needing a balance of cost and performance.
Benelli M4 Incredible reliability, but capacity and cost might be limiting for standard policing budgets.
Benelli M3 Dual-mode is a major advantage for less-lethal, but adds user complexity.

7.2 Military (General Infantry)

Benelli M4 Combat-tested (USMC M1014) with proven harsh-environment resilience. Premium cost offsets with longevity and reliability.
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical Offers good reliability at a friendlier price. Suits general infantry breaching/defensive roles.
Benelli M3 Capable of handling specialty loads via pump mode. Ranks slightly behind M4 in sustained semi-auto military engagements.
Beretta 1301 Tactical Great speed, reliable function. Less documented in mass military deployments but viable for specialized teams.
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol Newer model, potentially a strong performer with further operational validation.

7.3 Special Forces Operations

Benelli M4 Repeatedly proven in extreme conditions, favoured by numerous SOF units globally.
Benelli M3 Dual-mode configuration beneficial for unique mission sets (e.g., door-breaching with low-pressure rounds).
Beretta 1301 Tactical Fast handling for CQB, well-liked among close-quarters specialists.
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical Cost-effective choice if outfitting entire SOF teams, though some operators prefer the M4’s track record.
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol Capable platform, still collecting real-world data in the most extreme SOF scenarios.

8. Conclusion, Analysis & Recommendations

Deciding on the ideal semi-automatic shotgun for NATO forces — or any specialized unit — entails a balancing act between raw performance numbers, real-world operational feedback, and the nuanced demands of different mission sets. The data in this report illustrates how Benelli, Beretta, and Mossberg lead the field with carefully engineered designs that excel in reliability, durability, and user-oriented features. Yet the conclusions ultimately hinge on context: a shotgun prized by special operations may not be the most economical or straightforward option for police forces, and vice versa.

8.1 Overall Standouts and Their Core Strengths

A major thread running through the analysis is the Benelli M4’s exceptional reliability under all manner of harsh conditions.

Its widespread adoption by the USMC….

— where it’s designated the M1014 —

…underscores a track record forged in real, high-intensity operations.

The M4’s ratings in Reliability, Durability, and Ease of Maintenance reflect its ability to keep running in dusty deserts, cold alpine regions, and salt-heavy maritime environments. This track record comes at a higher purchase cost, but for units where a single malfunction can jeopardize an entire mission, many consider that premium a necessary investment.

In contrast, the Beretta 1301 Tactical excels where speed and agility take priority. Its BLINK gas system delivers rapid cycling, allowing operators quicker follow-up shots with minimal muzzle rise. Feedback from specialized police units and security teams underscores how its lightweight construction and enlarged controls simplify the user experience, especially in close-quarters engagements.

Although it may not match the M4 in extended tours under extreme conditions, law enforcement officers…

— whose missions might last hours rather than months —

…often value that lightning-fast cycling and user-friendly design over the more rugged but heavier M4.

8.2 The Mossberg Alternative

Not to be overlooked is the Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical, which merges robust performance with relatively budget-friendly pricing. It scored solidly across Recoil Management and Capacity, in part thanks to an improved gas system over the older Mossberg 930 design.

Departments with large rosters or limited budgets often gravitate toward Mossberg’s lineup, confident in the brand’s heritage of reliability (especially with the pump-action 500/590 series).

The 940’s advantage in cost-effectiveness and readily available aftermarket parts makes it a pragmatic choice for widespread adoption — though, in specialized or harsh special ops scenarios, the proven track records of certain Benelli or Beretta models might still edge it out.

8.3 Specialty Uses and the Benelli M3

One particularly interesting niche belongs to the Benelli M3, which straddles both pump-action and semi-automatic operation.

This dual-mode capability grants it an edge in missions that call for low-pressure or specialized rounds…

— like certain less-lethal munitions or breaching shells.

For operators who might encounter drastically different ammunition types in the same operation, or who must ensure absolute cycling under unpredictable conditions, the M3 can switch to pump mode if semi-auto cycling becomes unreliable.

The caveat is increased training: operators must learn and remember to switch modes fluidly, which is an additional step compared to more “set-and-forget” designs.

8.4 Why the Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol Is Gaining Ground

Another standout in this report is the Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol, a newer entrant combining modern ergonomics (e.g., M-LOK forends, enlarged loading ports) with Beretta’s established reputation. While it hasn’t accrued as extensive a combat or law enforcement track record as the Benelli M4 or 1301, field reports suggest it delivers a strong balance of reliability, accuracy, and user-friendly design. For agencies or units seeking a tactical shotgun that’s still budget-accessible but features contemporary touches (like easily mounted optics and lights), the A300 Ultima Patrol is proving an appealing option. As with any newly launched system, ongoing real-world usage will confirm whether it meets expectations in the most gruelling deployments.

8.5 Synthesis of the Data and Rankings

Bringing the metrics together — Reliability, Recoil Management, Technology, Versatility, Ease of Maintenance, Price/Value, and so forth — reveals several consistent themes:

Reliability Over Cost: Where the stakes are highest — special operations and frontline military tasks — higher-cost shotguns (M4, M3, and sometimes 1301) tend to dominate. Their long-standing reputations and proven resilience justify the expense.
Speed and Handling: Law enforcement agencies or rapid-response teams (SWAT, counter-terror, hostage rescue) gravitate to faster-cycling, lighter platforms (e.g., 1301 Tactical, A300 Ultima Patrol). These shotguns score well in Recoil Management and Ergonomics, both crucial in high-intensity but relatively short-duration operations.
Budget Constraints and Aftermarket Support: General infantry units and mid-tier departments often place greater emphasis on controlling unit costs while still demanding robust reliability. Mossberg’s 940 Tactical family stands out here, especially given its improving track record and strong support infrastructure (parts, customization, training familiarity).
Mission-Specific Versatility: The M3’s dual-mode design is unmatched for certain roles (less-lethal + standard ammo in the same mission). However, this design necessitates higher training overhead, reflecting a recurring trade-off: the more specialized a feature, the more an agency has to invest in operator proficiency.

8.6 Conclusion: The ‘Why’ Behind the Rankings

Ultimately, the final hierarchy emerges because no single shotgun can claim absolute primacy in every environment or every mission. Each model has carved out a loyal following by excelling in particular metrics:

Benelli M4 soars in the upper echelons for durability under extreme conditions and unwavering performance, securing top honours for the most demanding military or special forces deployments.
Beretta 1301 Tactical wins in categories demanding rapid shot-to-shot recovery, quick handling, and user-friendly controls — attributes that often matter most to law enforcement or quick-response teams.
Mossberg 940 Pro Tactical blends cost-effectiveness with enough reliability to impress mid-tier agencies or those needing to equip large numbers of personnel without sacrificing fundamental performance.
Benelli M3 occupies a niche for operators needing both a semi-auto and a pump in the same weapon system, shining when flexible ammo requirements or uncertain reliability conditions make that dual mode essential.
Beretta A300 Ultima Patrol is gaining favour as a newer “all-rounder” that merges modern tactical features with a moderate price, making it an intriguing up-and-comer for agencies looking to balance innovation against limited budgets.

8.7 Final Word: Matching Mission Needs with the Right Platform

Taken together, the objective scores and qualitative user feedback converge on a simple truth: requirements dictate the right shotgun. A maritime special operations unit might find the M4’s unstoppable nature indispensable, while an urban police force seeks the 1301’s or A300’s quick-handling efficiency. A general infantry battalion could see the Mossberg 940 as the pragmatic choice, while specialized teams might invest in the M3’s unique duality for advanced mission profiles.

The in-depth data, tables, and bullet points in the main body of this report serve as a toolset, helping decision-makers weigh exactly which metrics matter most to them. This extended narrative is the “why” behind the numbers, giving context to each rating and showing how real-world scenarios can tilt the balance in favour of one platform over another.

By combining the objective scoring matrix with a firm understanding of operational demands, NATO forces…

— and any similarly high-stakes organization —

…can choose a semi-automatic shotgun that maximizes mission effectiveness and operator confidence, no matter where their next deployment might lead.

9. References

Below are selected references (from your provided list and additional mentions in-text) that can offer deeper insights into shotgun performance, lethality, testing procedures, and NATO acquisition frameworks:

Army University Press. (2020). Defining and Assessing Lethality. https://benelliusa.com/
NATO Science & Technology Organization. (2021). Soldier Weapon Equipment Assessment Tool: Recommendations for Performance Test and Evaluation. https://benelliusa.com/
OHCHR. (1990). Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials. https://benelliusa.com/
NIJ Standard-0113.00. (1986). 12-Gauge Shotguns for Police Use. https://benelliusa.com/
GAO. (2017). WEAPON SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS: Detailed Systems Engineering Prior to Product Development Positions Programs for Success (GAO-17-77). https://benelliusa.com/
DTIC. (n.d.). The Importance of Testing and Evaluation in the Acquisition Process for Major Weapon Systems. https://benelliusa.com/
Benelli USA. (n.d.). M4 Series | Benelli Shotguns and Rifles. https://benelliusa.com/
Beretta. (n.d.). 1301 Tactical Shotgun / A300 Ultima Patrol. https://beretta.com/
Mossberg. (n.d.). 940 Pro Tactical / 930 Series. https://mossberg.com/
Browning. (n.d.). A5 Semi-Auto Shotguns. https://browning.com/
American Special Ops. (n.d.). M1014 Shotgun | US Special Operations Weapons.https://americanspecialops.com/

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